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Nephrology is the branch of medicine that specializes in the study, diagnosis, and treatment of kidney-related disorders and diseases. Here’s a summary of key aspects of nephrology:

• Scope of Nephrology: Nephrologists focus on the kidneys' function, structure, and diseases, which are crucial for filtering blood, maintaining electrolyte balance, and regulating blood pressure.
• Common Kidney Disorders: Conditions commonly managed by nephrologists include chronic kidney disease (CKD), acute kidney injury (AKI), glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, kidney stones, and hypertension. They also address complications that arise from kidney diseases, such as anemia and bone disease.
• Dialysis and Transplantation: Nephrologists oversee dialysis treatments for patients with end-stage renal disease, providing both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis options. They also play a key role in kidney transplantation, from patient evaluation to post-transplant care.
• Hypertension Management: Since the kidneys are vital in regulating blood pressure, nephrologists often manage hypertension, particularly when it's related to kidney disease, using lifestyle changes and medications.
• Preventive Care: Nephrologists emphasize preventive care, promoting lifestyle changes and monitoring at-risk individuals to prevent kidney disease progression. Early detection and management of risk factors are crucial for preserving kidney function.

Nephrology is essential for understanding and managing the complexities of kidney health, offering specialized care to enhance patient outcomes and quality of life.